Phosphorus oxychloride is also called phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus oxychloride. The molecular formula is POCl3 and the molecular weight is 153.33. Colorless and transparent fuming liquid. The melting point is 2°C and the boiling point is 105.3°C. The relative density is 1.675. It is volatile and has a strong pungent odor. When exposed to moist air, it is hydrolyzed into phosphoric acid and hydrogen chloride, and white smoke is generated. It is easily decomposed by water and ethanol, and emits a lot of heat and hydrogen chloride. It is highly corrosive.
Phosphorus oxychloride is an important chemical raw material. It is a colorless and transparent fuming liquid. It is widely used in the production of pesticides, medicines, dyes, phosphate esters and flame retardants. It is used to manufacture organophosphorus pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, etc. The raw material is also used to produce plastic plasticizers, and can also be used in the chlorination reaction of long-acting sulfa drugs, intermediates for the production of dyes, chlorinating agents and catalysts for organic synthesis, and extractants for uranium ore.
Use
Used in the preparation of phosphate esters such as diphenyl-isooctyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate, plastic plasticizers, organophosphorus pesticides, long-acting sulfa drugs, etc. It can also be used as dye intermediate, chlorinating agent and catalyst for organic synthesis, and flame retardant. The use of electronic grade phosphorus oxychloride can also be used in the solar energy industry, integrated circuits, separation devices, light preforms and other liquid phosphorus sources to prepare phosphate esters. In the semiconductor industry, it is mainly used as an N-type doping source, and the reaction effect is best at 0°C.
Emergency measures
Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothing immediately and rinse with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Eye contact: Lift the eyelid immediately, and rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water or normal saline for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: quickly leave the scene to a place with fresh air. Keep the airway unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, gastric lavage for those with no symptoms of corrosion. Avoid taking oils. Seek medical attention.
Respiratory protection: When you may be exposed to its vapor, you must wear a self-priming filter respirator (full face mask) or isolation respirator. It is recommended to wear an air respirator during emergency rescue or evacuation.
Eye protection: protection has been used in respiratory protection.
Body protection: wear rubber acid and alkali resistant clothing.
Hand protection: Wear rubber acid and alkali resistant gloves.
Other protection: smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited at the work site. After work, take a shower. Store clothes contaminated by poisons separately and wash them for later use. Maintain good hygiene.
Leakage emergency treatment: quickly evacuate personnel from the leaked contaminated area to a safe area, and immediately isolate 150m, strictly restrict access. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and wear acid-alkali-proof overalls. Do not directly touch the leakage. Cut off the source of leakage as much as possible. Small amount of leakage: absorb with sand, vermiculite or other inert materials. A large number of leaks: build a dike or dig a pit for storage. Clear under the guidance of experts.
Hazardous combustion products: hydrogen chloride, phosphorus oxide, phosphorane.
Fire extinguishing method: fire extinguishing agent: dry powder, dry sand. Water is forbidden.
Management method
Operation management: airtight operation, pay attention to ventilation. The operation is as mechanized and automated as possible. Operators must undergo special training and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter gas masks (full face masks), wear rubber acid and alkali resistant clothing, and rubber acid and alkali resistant gloves. Avoid producing smoke. Prevent the release of smoke and vapor into the air of the workplace. Avoid contact with reducing agents, active metal powders, and alcohols. Particular attention should be paid to avoid contact with water. When handling, load and unload with care to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may be harmful residues.
Storage management: Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. The storage temperature does not exceed 25℃, and the relative humidity does not exceed 75%. The packaging must be sealed and protected from moisture. It should be stored separately from reducing agents, active metal powders, alcohols, etc., and avoid mixed storage. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable storage materials.
Transportation management: During railway transportation, the dangerous goods should be installed strictly in accordance with the dangerous goods distribution table in the "Rules for the Transport of Dangerous Goods" of the Ministry of Railways. The packaging should be complete at the time of shipment, and the loading should be secure. During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or be damaged. Mixed shipment and transportation with reducing agents, active metal powders, alcohols, edible chemicals, etc. are strictly prohibited. Transport vehicles should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment during transportation. Avoid exposure to the sun, rain, and high temperature during transportation. When transporting by road, follow the prescribed route and do not stop in residential or densely populated areas.
Disposal management: Refer to relevant national and local regulations before disposal. Pour into sodium bicarbonate solution, spray with ammonia water, and add crushed ice at the same time. After the reaction stops, flush with water into the wastewater system.
Diagnostic points
(1) Respiratory system: After the inhalation period of 2-6 hours, dry throat, sore throat, cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea may occur. In severe cases, bronchitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or even appear Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
(2) Digestive system: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function may occur.
(3) Eyes: eye pain, tearing, ocular edema, blepharospasm, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal opacity, etc. may be present.
(4) Skin: Burns, erythema, blisters, etc. may appear locally.
(5) Others: headache, dizziness, weakness, cyanosis, convulsions, unsteady gait, pelvic blood, severe kidney damage, heart failure, myocarditis, etc. There are also reports that there are more cases of tooth enamel loss and bleeding and swelling of the gums.
Processing principles
(1) Mainly leave the scene, keep the airway unobstructed, and give oxygen. Early, adequate, and short-term use of adrenal corticosteroids to prevent and control pulmonary edema. Use high-dose antibiotics to control secondary infections. Give symptomatic treatment such as antispasmodic, sedation, and antitussive.
(2) When the skin is contaminated, it should be absorbed by paper or cotton first, and then 2% sodium bicarbonate wet compress. Wound exposure therapy can also be used, but ointments or fat dressings should not be used. After burned skin, the scab should be cut and debrided or skin grafted as soon as possible to prevent phosphorus absorption and avoid wound infection.
(3) In case of eye burns, rinse thoroughly (2% boric acid) and prevent infection (externally apply antibiotic ointment or eye drops) as soon as possible. Subconjunctival autoblood injection therapy, pupil dilation, and antibiotic flushing can also be used.
(4) Pay attention to protecting the functions of important organs.
Phosphorus oxychloride is an industrial chemical raw material, a colorless and transparent fuming liquid. The mechanism of poisoning is the hydrolysis of phosphorus oxychloride to produce phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride aqueous solution). Under normal circumstances, hydrogen chloride has irritation and burning effects on the skin and mucous membranes. In severe cases, it can cause congestion, edema and even necrosis; large amounts of inhalation can cause pulmonary edema and cause ventilation Dysfunction, such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea and other clinical symptoms.